The DSE is based on three measurements at main
substation to measure active and reactive power flow. In this
test system, the outputs of the main feeders are measured for
state estimation purposes. These feeders are connected to the
bus numbers 1 to 31, 30 to 13 and 30 to 27. The real-time
measurements are installed to monitor the voltages at bus 30
and bus 31. The real-time measurements also monitored the
active and reactive power injections of the aforementioned
feeders. The measurement accuracy is assumed to be 1%,
which is based on practical data [14]. For other buses, pseudo
measurement (based on historical data) data with 25% error
are used to estimate power injection.