The phenotype of plants must be predictable and uniform to be commercially viable on a large scale, but the seedling-derived micropropagated clones from hybrid crosses have neither of these two basic requirements. In addition, the germination
rates of Paphiopedilum seeds are generally low in comparison to other commercialized orchids, and the seedlings
need a long time to reach the maturation stage before flowering (Arditti et al. 1982)