A well-functioning labor market is dynamic. Workforce development refers to activities and institutions that enhance the skills and abilities of workers in order that they may be productive. In general, workforce development is focused on individuals, but it may be funded or provided by employers or the public sector. For incumbent workers, workforce development comprises skill enhancement or certification that will help individuals advance in their careers. For the unemployed or underemployed, workforce development may include skill development or involvement in labor exchange or job search assistance activities.