It is considered that where it is necessary to assess the safety of long term consumption of whole food
for humans or of whole feed for animals, a 90-day feeding study is required (FAO/WHO, 2000).
Additional studies with whole food/feed may be required on a case-by-case basis if compositional
analyses, 90-day feeding studies or any other available nutritional and toxicological study have
identified potential hazards. Depending on the potential hazard identified, the additional testing of the
whole food/feed might need to focus on effects on reproductive or endocrine tissues, effects on
development, chronic toxicity, carcinogenicity, etc. Therefore, protocols adapted from standardised
guidelines for toxicity testing such as those described in OECD test guidelines, in line with relevant
EC directives, are considered the most appropriate for whole food/feed.
Additionally, it has been reported that conventional toxicological feedi