DNA replication-independent production of erroneous proteins
Under normal conditions (top left), transcription in the nucleus (pale blue background)
produces error-free mRNAs that are translated by ribosomes (double blue ovals) to normal
proteins (green ovals) in the cytoplasm. In some cases (top right), lapses in RNA polymerase
fidelity (orange ovals) can generate aberrant transcripts (red dot) that are translated into
erroneous proteins (red jagged ovals)