There are a number of useful models to helpto guide senior nurses in leading other staff. The two most common aretransformational and transactional models (Bass, 1985; Burns, 1978). The effects of transactional leadership are short-lived, episodic and task based, with the transactional leader only intervening with negative feedback when something goes wrong. This form of leadership would have a place where there is a specific short-term directed project or piece of work to be completed. In a ward, it is more desirable to identify a leadership model that offers longevity in the relationship between senior nurses and junior colleagues. The transformational model is more complex but has a more positive effect on communication and teambuilding than the transactional model (Thyer, 2003). Transformational leadership shapes and alters the goals and values of other staff to achieve a collective purpose to benefit the nursing profession and the employing organisation. Bass (1985) found that transformational leadership factors were more highly correlated with perceived group effectiveness and job satisfaction, and contributed more to individual performance and motivation, than transactional leaders. Adair (2002) proposed a different model. This is the three-circle model of strategic leadership, with the circles being the needs of the task, the individual and the team (Fig 1). Adair believes that knowledge or expertise alone is not enough to lead; however, without it, leadership is impossible. Leaders should be aware of both group and individual needs, and should harmonise them to support common goals. Each of the three needs in the model interacts with the others. One must always be seen in relation to the other two (Adair, 2003). This is a democratic model of leadership, in which there is consideration for the opinions of those who have to carry out the task. Individuals and groups are involved in decision-making processes concerning their work. The valuing of people, their knowledge, experience and skills is central to this model. Leadership models are a useful tool for senior nurses and help to put the function of leadership activity into perspective. These nurses should not be concerned about using various models and developing an eclectic strategy. The models should be used as a framework on which to build an effective leadership style which suits the individual leader and those whom they are leading