Our study has several limitations. Pregnancies were
self-reported and it is possible that women did not disclose pregnancies that resulted in a termination. This may have resulted in under-reporting of pregnancies. Subsequent longitudinal studies could explicitly measure induced abortions and miscarriages. Participants were volunteers, and this may limit the generalizability of the findings. Teenage girls who were lost to follow- up were older, with lower educational attainment, and the effect of this differential loss on the outcomes investigated in our study is unknown. However, the key strength of the study is the longitudinal design with incident pregnancies occurring after the risk and protective factors under study. In addition, the study differentiates between the risk and protective factors for unwanted and unplanned pregnancies among adolescent women. This allows for a more nuanced response.