In hostile environments, a higher chromium content is beneficial. AWS ER420 and modified versions containing nickel, molybdenum, and niobium (or vanadium) are therefore the natural choice when high temperatures and mildly corrosive environments are encountered. For applications using steel mill hot-work rolls (which demand considerable hot hardness,
resistance to oxidation, and resistance to thermal fatigue) both ER420 and EFe3 have been found suitable. Other applications for the metal-to-metal martensitic wear alloys in Table 1 include crane wheels (EFe2), pincer guide shoes
(EFe3), and blast furnace bells (ER420)