The effectiveness of the conventional models of education has been a focus of research over the years
Passive learning by students has motivated educators constantly to seek innovative ways to motivate students and
improve learning outcomes
Project-based learning (PBL)
was introduced in the early twentieth century to motivate student self-learning (Kilpatrick, 1918). The PBL method calls for learners to
acquire and develop core learning concepts through collaborative projects that require the learning and application of contextual knowl-
edge. The literature has shown that PBL enables students to become interactive learners