The mechanisms by which physical activity may reduce BP and prevent the development of hypertension are unclear. This is in large part due to the fact that the etiology of hypertension is multifactorial in nature and it is as of yet unclear how these factors interact to contribute to the development of hypertension. Recent findings from animal studies suggest aerobic exercise may prevent increases in BP through beneficial alterations in insulin sensitivity and autonomic nervous system function[71], while resistance training may prevent increases in BP through beneficial alterations in vasoconstriction regulation[72]. Proposed mechanisms through which physical activity may prevent the development of hypertension are summarized in table 2. Although precise mechanisms have yet to be fully elucidated, available data have provided enough information to establish biologically plausible mechanisms for the relationship between physical activity and hypertension. Interestingly, findings among recent cell studies suggest race-dependent responses to exercise stimuli, thus the proposed mechanisms may have differential effects across populations