Introduction
Retailing,which is one of the world's biggest but most localized industries,is undergoing a change which many observers would have dismissed twenty year ago .the recent explosion in international or cross-border retailing belies the bad experiences of retail companoise like the borton group in france or Carrefour in Braitain during the 1970s . Of course there have been well-established international retailers such as Woolworth and C and A for many year but they were the exception rather than the rule political,Legal,Economic and socio-cultural factors militated together against any mass migration of retail bands over international boundaries . this was largely true of most product and services which had to be exten-sively modified or re-branded for export . the costs of such effort were often seen as largely non-productive and the failure rates were seen as too hign . in any case there was no need to attempt to operate in cross-border fashion except for large consumer packaged goods manufacturers like heinz . unliever,coca-cola and nestle but as was