3.3.2. In VivoAccording to the measurements of rats’ GPx levels, GPx levels at Days 0-14 in every group of the experiment were found to differ with statistical significance (p<0.05). On Day 14 of the experiment, the rats in Group 1 and Group 3 were found to have GPx levels reduced to 0.040 and 0.048 unit/ml, respectively (Table 3). The rats in Group 3 were stimulated to have stress by raising the temperature to 38±2°C for 4 hr/day and the rats received 500 mg/kg of polyphenol from extracts of Rice Formula 2, which promoted antioxidant system function. In addition, phenolic compounds had biological the effect of collecting ROS to reduce damage from oxidation stress [31], causing the rats in Group 3 to have reduced GPx levels similar to rats in Group 1 while the rats in Group 2 had higher GPx levels at 0.123 unit/ml, possibly because the rats in Group 2 were stimulated with stress similar to the rats in Group 3. Furthermore, the rats in Group 2 did not receive 500 mg/kg of polyphenol from extracts of Rice Formula 2 combined with the fact that heat was able to raise GPx levels in rats. Nevertheless, animals stressed by body heat will create more oxidants than normal and these molecules will cause oxidation stress [32].4. ConclusionsThe biological active compounds in rice grains have antioxidant properties with roles in preventing heat-related stress. However, heat generated during the cooking process has the effect of reducing nearly half of all biological active compound levels in rice grain while reducing antioxidant activity.
Acknowledgements
We are grateful to the Faculty of Technology and Mahasarakham University for their financial support.
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