The WTP estimates to avoid health risks due to road-traffic related air pollution and noise differed across all five countries. The mean WTP estimates for general air pollution risks, LE and the combined risk scenario were €130, €80 and €330 pp/y, respectively, and the medians were €40, €10 and €50 pp/y, respectively. For noise risks, the mean WTP values were €90, €100 (severe annoyance) and €320 pp/y, respectively, with medians of €20, €20 and €40 pp/y, respectively. These values were obtained after 1.5% cutoff on WTP estimates.