Another popular port problem is the berth allocation problem, which is the assignment of quay space and service
time to containers that need to be unloaded or loaded at the terminal. A study was conducted to analyze the berth
allocation under uncertain arrival time and operation time. For example, [5] studied the proactive approach to
develop an initial schedule that incorporates a degree of uncertainty expectation during schedules execution and
also studied the reactive recovery strategy, which adjusts the initial schedule to handle accurate situations with the
lowest penalty cost of deviating from the initial schedule.