Fifty carbapenemase-producers (10 OXA-
48, 10 KPC, 10 VIM, 10 NDM and 10
IMP) were included in the study (Table 1).
Twelve non-carbapenemase-producing
enterobacterial strains non-susceptible to
carbapenems were also included. All
strains had previously been characterized
for their b-lactamase content at the
molecular level (Nordmann et al., 2012b).
Susceptibilities to carbapenems were
determined by Etest (bioMe´rieux) and
interpreted according to EUCAST
breakpoints (www.eucast.org/clinical_
breakpoints/), as updated in 2013.