Material and Methods: With ethical approval, we used different techniques to analyzed clinical, salivary and bacterial risk markers in 34 patients (mean age, 16.7 ± 5.2 years), 14 males and 20 females; before starting orthodontic
treatment and 1 month after. Clinical risk markers (decayed, missing, and filled surfaces [DMFS], O’Leary´s
plaque index, and plaque pH); salivary markers (unstimulated and stimulated saliva flow rate, buffer capacity, pH,
and occult blood in saliva) and bacterial counts (Streptococcus mutansand Lactobacillus). Data were analyzed by
paired t-test and χ
2
test.