14 Goodwill
Impairment tests for goodwill Goodwill arose largely in relation to the Group's acquisition of Manchester United Limited in 2005. Goodwill is not subject to amortisation and is tested annually for impairment (normally at the end of the third fiscal quarter) or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate a potential impairment. An impairment test has been performed on the carrying value of goodwill based on value-in-use calculations. The value-in-use calculations have used pre-tax cash flow projections based on the financial budgets approved by management covering a five year period. The budgets are based on past experience in respect of revenues, variable and fixed costs, player and capital expenditure and working capital assumptions. For each accounting period, cash flows beyond the five year period are extrapolated using a terminal growth rate of 2.5% (2013: 2.5%), which does not exceed the long term average growth rate for the UK economy in which the cash generating unit operates. The other key assumptions used in the value in use calculations for each period are the pre-tax discount rate, which has been determined at 9.3% (2013: 11.1%) for each period, and certain assumptions around progression in domestic and European cup competitions, notably the UEFA Champions League. The cash flow projections assume participation in the UEFA Champions League in each period apart from the financial year ending 30 June 2015 which assumes no cash flows associated with European competitions. Management determined budgeted revenue growth based on historic performance and its expectations of market development. The discount rates are pre-tax and reflect the specific risks relating to the business. The following sensitivity analysis was performed: • increase the discount rate by 3%;
• failure to qualify for the UEFA Champions League once during the period between the financial year ending 30 June 2015 and the financial year ending 30 June 2019. In each of these scenarios the estimated recoverable amount substantially exceeds the carrying value for the cash generating unit and accordingly no impairment was identified. Having assessed the future anticipated cash flows, management believes that any reasonably possible changes in key assumptions would not result in an impairment of goodwill.