With a continuous, semi-continuous or batch process, the various steps of the process may be connected by a conveyor-type system or
other type of system to allow continuous transporting of ชีวมวลอัด 20 or ส่วนรองรับ 22 5 containing ชีวมวลอัด 20 therein through the present processes as described herein.
The การเปิดเผยนี้ therefore contemplates a system for carrying out the exemplary
กระบวนการทอร์รีแฟกชัน processes disclosed herein. In such a system, a conveyor or other type of
transport system may be used to carry the raw biomass material, whether densified to begin
with or not, through the processes described in Figs. 1 and 2. Accordingly, the raw biomass 10 material 2 is brought from the เครื่องอัด 5/dryer 7 or ภาชนะรับ 10 through the
process to the cooling system 32, where the ชีวมวล อัดทีที 30 is retrieved and available for handling, transport, use, shipping, etc. Any type of continuous system, semi-
continuous system or batch system contemplated herein is a straight-line, simple to design, easily operatable and efficient system, with limited complexity and engineering required.
15 The exemplary processes described herein may ประกอบรวม ต่อไปด้วย a step of cleaning the
ชีวมวล อัดทีที 30. This step of cleaning may ประกอบรวมด้วย a screening process, โดยที่ a screening device is used to separate fines and any other waste particles from ชีวมวล อัดทีที 30. Alternatively, this step of cleaning may ประกอบรวมด้วย a washing
step, โดยที่ ชีวมวล อัดทีที 30 is washed in a water bath to remove residual 20 combustible oil adhering to the outer surface of the ชีวมวล อัดทีที 30. The
cleaning of the ชีวมวล อัดทีที 30 may also ประกอบรวมด้วย both a screening step and a
washing step.
Another รุรุ of the การเปิดเผยนี้ relates to an exemplary process 100
illustrated in รูป 3 โดยที่ a selected biomass or biosolids feedstock is delivered to a pellet 25 press or ก้อนr 105 โดยที่ the feedstock is densified and extruded as pellets or pressed
into ก้อน (i.e., ชีวมวลอัด 20) which are transferred by a pellet feed conveyer
110 into a ทอร์รีฟิวชัน reactor 115. The supply of the selected biomass or biosolids feedstock
to pellet press or ก้อนr 105 may be continuous, semi-continuous or in batches, thereby
resulting in a continuous, semi-continuous or batch throughput process 100. The ทอร์รีฟิวชัน 30 reactor 115 contains a volume of heated combustible oil 12 โดยที่ the pellets 20 are
submerged and torrefied for a selected period of time. The combustible oil 12 contained in
the ทอร์รีฟิวชัน reactor 115, is maintained at a temperature from the range of about 160°C to
about 320°C. The ทอร์รีฟิวชัน reactor 115 has components that controllably maintain the pellets 20 submerged in the heated combustible oil 12 while controllably conveying the submerged pellets 20 from the input end to the output end of the ทอร์รีฟิวชัน reactor 115. The
submerged pellets 20 are torrefied during their transport from the input end to the output end 5 of the ทอร์รีฟิวชัน reactor 115 via conveyor 110 (or any other suitable conveyor belt that
allows continuous or semi-continuous transport of the pellets through the process 100). The
duration of time for transport of the submerged pellets 20 from the input end to the output
end of the ทอร์รีฟิวชัน reactor 115 can be controllably varied from about 2 นาที ถึงประมาณ
120 นาที (or longer if so desired). After leaving the output end of the ทอร์รีฟิวชัน reactor 10 115, the torrefied pellets are conveyed on conveyor 110 (or any other suitable conveyor belt
that allows continuous or semi-continuous transport of the pellets through the process 100) to
a cooler 120 from which they are conveyed into and through a screening device 125 which
separates fines from the torrefied pellets. Finally, the screened torrefied pellets are conveyed
into a finished product bin 130 via conveyor 110 (or any other suitable conveyor belt that 15 allows continuous or semi-continuous transport of the pellets through the process 100).
Heat and gases produced during กระบวนการทอร์รีแฟกชัน of the pellets in the ทอร์รีฟิวชัน reactor 115 are collected in a torgas collection hood 160 under a vacuum force created by torgas fan 170 which conveys the heat and กระบวนการทอร์รีแฟกชัน gases to the torgas burner 145. The torgas burner
145 combines and combusts the กระบวนการทอร์รีแฟกชัน gases to produce heated air which is then 20 conveyed to the hot side of an air-to-oil heat exchanger 150. The torgas burner 145 and
thermal energy from the external burner is combined prior to the heat exchanger 150. The
combustible oil contained within the ทอร์รีฟิวชัน reactor 115 is maintained at a selected
temperature by constant circulation by an oil pump 152 through an oil filter 154 and into the
cool side of the air-to-oil heat exchanger 150 โดยที่ it is heated by the heated air incoming 25 from the torgas burner 145. The heated combustible oil is then conveyed back into the
ทอร์รีฟิวชัน reactor 115. The air-to-oil heat exch