Encoding is first stage of memory
determines which information is attended to in the environment and how it is interpreted
The more attention paid to something…
The more it is processed in terms of thinking about it and comparing it with other knowledge…
The more likely it is to be remembered
e.g. when learning about HCI, it is much better to reflect upon it, carry out exercises, have discussions with others about it, and write notes than just passively read a book, listen to a lecture or watch a video about it