As a general education institution, primary education is obliged to contain at least the following subjects in the curriculum: Pancasila education, religious education, citizenship, Indonesian language, reading and writing, mathematics (including arithmetic), introduction to science and technology, geography, national and general history, art and craft, physical and health education, drawing, and English language. The mentioned courses are not the formal title of the subjects, but rather the field of study, the basic material presented to form personality and ability instilled and developed through basic education. More than one field of study may be united to become one subject, or conversely, one field of study may be dispersed across more than one subject matter.