Several crop models may be used to simulate the effects of elevated CO2 on crop productivity. Yet no summary exists
in the literature attempting to describe differences among models and how simulations might differ under climate
change conditions. We provide an introductory review focusing on simulating the impacts of elevated CO2 on crops. We
describe and discuss modeling approaches, component modules, applications to climate change and model validation
and inter-comparison studies. By searching the recent peer-reviewed literature from 1995 to present, we found that
about 20% of published crop modeling studies have focused on climate change impacts. About half of these studies
explicitly analyzed the effects of elevated CO2 on crop growth and yield. Our analysis further suggested that the crop
models that have been used the most in climate change assessments are also those that have been evaluated the least
using available data from elevated CO2 experiments. Based on our review, we identify a set of recommendations aimed
at improving our confidence in predictions of crop production under elevated CO2 and climate change conditions.
These include continued model evaluation with existing field experiment data; increased focus on limiting factors such
as pest, weeds, and disease; and attention to temporal and spatial scaling issues.
# 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved
Several crop models may be used to simulate the effects of elevated CO2 on crop productivity. Yet no summary exists
in the literature attempting to describe differences among models and how simulations might differ under climate
change conditions. We provide an introductory review focusing on simulating the impacts of elevated CO2 on crops. We
describe and discuss modeling approaches, component modules, applications to climate change and model validation
and inter-comparison studies. By searching the recent peer-reviewed literature from 1995 to present, we found that
about 20% of published crop modeling studies have focused on climate change impacts. About half of these studies
explicitly analyzed the effects of elevated CO2 on crop growth and yield. Our analysis further suggested that the crop
models that have been used the most in climate change assessments are also those that have been evaluated the least
using available data from elevated CO2 experiments. Based on our review, we identify a set of recommendations aimed
at improving our confidence in predictions of crop production under elevated CO2 and climate change conditions.
These include continued model evaluation with existing field experiment data; increased focus on limiting factors such
as pest, weeds, and disease; and attention to temporal and spatial scaling issues.
# 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved
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