c.FAI manifold (Figure 4500-N:1) with tubing heater, in-line ultraviolet digestion fluidics including a debubbler consisting of a gas-permeable TFE membrane and its holder, and a flow cell. In Figure 4500-N: 1, relative flow rates only are shown. Tubing volumes are given as an example only; they may be scaled down proportionally. Use manifold tubing of and inert material such as TFE. The block marked “UV” should consist of TFE tubing irradiated by a mercury discharge ultraviolet lamp emitting radiation at 254 nm.