In the variation pattern of ‗L>M‘, a significantly greater percentage of the students with less exposure to specialized
courses than the students with more exposure to specialized courses reported high use of 12 reading strategies. Among
the 12 strategies showing significant variation, three are the strategies for pre-reading, such as ‗PRS4. Read or check the
new word list‘, ‗PRS5. Glance over the foot notes, tables and graphics‘, and ‗PRS10. Make predictions or inference
about the content of the text‘; five are the strategies for while-reading (WHS), examples are: ‗WHS4. Read every word
and sentence slowly and carefully‘ and ‗WHS18. Ask the teachers, classmates or friends for help‘; four are the
strategies for post-reading (POS), such as ‗POS6. Read other resources about the same topic‘ and ‗POS10. Discuss the
problems and difficulties with teachers/friends‘. Regarding the variation pattern of ‗L>M‘, a significantly greater
percentage of the students with more exposure to specialized courses than the students with less exposure to specialized
courses reported high frequency of use of 6 reading strategies. Among these strategies, one is the strategy for
pre-reading ‗PRS3. Set goals or purposes of reading‘; four are the strategies for while-reading, such as ‗WHS2. Use
specialized terms as clues or indications‘ and ‗WHS17. Adjust the reading rate accordingly‘. The last one is the strategy
for post-reading ‗POS1. Make critical comments and evaluations on the content of the text‘.