1. Introduction
Electro mobility is a promising technology to reduce the
carbon emission from individual traffic. Current electric cars
have mostly lithium-ion batteries for the power supply. These
batteries are one of the key components of the car and
comprise valuable and hazardous materials which have to be
recovered by recycling at the end-of-life [1,2]. In figure 1, the
developments of the sales figures of electric cars in Germany
are illustrated. The electric cars are divided into battery
electric vehicle (BEV), vehicles with a range extender (REEV
or EREV) or plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV) and
hybrid electric vehicles (HEV). Todays’ political and socialeconomic
developments indicate that the trend towards
electromobility is growing continuously. Consequently, the
number of returned batteries will increase in future. In order
to design the battery recycling processes, it is necessary to
estimate the amount and the date of return of the used
batteries in the future. Currently established recycling
companies dismantle returned lithium-ion batteries manually.
With an increasing number of returned batteries in the future,