Over the past decades, comparative physiology and biochemistry approaches have played a significant role in
understanding the complexity of metal bioaccumulation in aquatic animals. Such a comparative approach is
now further aided by the biokinetic modeling approach which can be used to predict the rates and routes of
metal bioaccumulation and assist in the interpretation of accumulated body metal concentrations in aquatic
animals. In this review, we illustrate a few examples of using the combined comparative and biokinetic
modeling approaches to further our understanding of metal accumulation in aquatic animals. We highlight
recent studies on the different accumulation patterns of metals in different species of invertebrates and fish,
and between various aquatic systems (freshwater and marine). Comparative metal biokinetics can explain
the differences in metal bioaccumulation among bivalves, although it is still difficult to explain the
evolutionary basis for the different accumulated metal body concentrations (e.g., why some species have
high metal concentrations). Both physiological/biochemical responses and metal geochemistry are
responsible for the differences in metal concentrations observed in different populations of aquatic species,
or between freshwater and marine species. A comparative approach is especially important for metal biology
research, due to the very complicated and potentially variable physiological handling of metals during their
accumulation, sequestration, distribution and elimination in different aquatic species or between different
aquatic systems.
Over the past decades, comparative physiology and biochemistry approaches have played a significant role in
understanding the complexity of metal bioaccumulation in aquatic animals. Such a comparative approach is
now further aided by the biokinetic modeling approach which can be used to predict the rates and routes of
metal bioaccumulation and assist in the interpretation of accumulated body metal concentrations in aquatic
animals. In this review, we illustrate a few examples of using the combined comparative and biokinetic
modeling approaches to further our understanding of metal accumulation in aquatic animals. We highlight
recent studies on the different accumulation patterns of metals in different species of invertebrates and fish,
and between various aquatic systems (freshwater and marine). Comparative metal biokinetics can explain
the differences in metal bioaccumulation among bivalves, although it is still difficult to explain the
evolutionary basis for the different accumulated metal body concentrations (e.g., why some species have
high metal concentrations). Both physiological/biochemical responses and metal geochemistry are
responsible for the differences in metal concentrations observed in different populations of aquatic species,
or between freshwater and marine species. A comparative approach is especially important for metal biology
research, due to the very complicated and potentially variable physiological handling of metals during their
accumulation, sequestration, distribution and elimination in different aquatic species or between different
aquatic systems.
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