The negative pastes for these experiments were prepared using
H2SO4 (1.4 sp.gr) and leady oxide. The prepared Pb@C materials
were added in the negative plate and the addition amounts were
listed in Table 2. For comparison, Cell 5 was also assembled without
the addition of any carbon. These plates were cured at 40 C for 12 h
and 50 C for 12 h and dried at 60 C for 24 h to complete the solidification
process. Each test cell was assembled by one negative
(20 15 2 mm2
) and one positive (20 30 2 mm2
) plate
separated by a 3 mm thick absorptive glass-microfiber (AGM)
separator. The cells were filled with 1.28 sp.gr sulfuric acid (H2SO4)
and formed as conventional technologies. After formation and
cycling tests, the cells were disconnected and the NAM was characterized
by XRD and SEM examinations.