However, changes in the regulation of the natural gas market during the
mid-1980s, which deregulated prices and permitted more exible arrangements
between producers and pipelines, led to an increased use of spot market transactions.
By 1990, 75 percent of gas sales were transacted at spot prices rather than
through long-term contracts. Enron, which owned the largest interstate network of
pipelines, pro ted from the increased gas supply and exibility resulting from the
regulatory changes. Its returns on beginning equity in the years 1987 to 1990, when
it was primarily a pipeline business, were 14.2, 13.0, 15.9 and 13.1 percent, respectively,
compared with an estimated equity cost of capital of around 13 percent
in turn, had similar long-term contracts with local gas distribution companies
or electric utilities to purchase gas from them. These contracts assured long-term
stability in supply and prices of natural gas.
However, changes in the regulation of the natural gas market during the
mid-1980s, which deregulated prices and permitted more exible arrangements
between producers and pipelines, led to an increased use of spot market transactions.
By 1990, 75 percent of gas sales were transacted at spot prices rather than
through long-term contracts. Enron, which owned the largest interstate network of
pipelines, pro ted from the increased gas supply and exibility resulting from the
regulatory changes. Its returns on beginning equity in the years 1987 to 1990, when
it was primarily a pipeline business, were 14.2, 13.0, 15.9 and 13.1 percent, respectively,
compared with an estimated equity cost of capital of around 13 percent
in turn, had similar long-term contracts with local gas distribution companies
or electric utilities to purchase gas from them. These contracts assured long-term
stability in supply and prices of natural gas.
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