A simple test rig was developed to determine the actual load-deflection characteristics of the washer. As shown in Fig. 1.2, the rig consists of a hollow cylinder mounted on a base plate.The inner diameter of the cylinder is slightly more than the outer diameter of the washer. A cylindrical rod moves vertically up and down in the hollow cylinder with close sliding fit. The movement is ensured to be with minimum friction by lubricating the assembly. The washer is placed at the bottom of the hollow cylinder.