untry and the lack of awareness among commuters
about the existing numbers makes access and egress from
emergencies difficult [20]. The lack of trained professio-
Fig. 2 Tiered health care
system
Int J Emerg Med (2010) 3:207–211 209
nals manning ambulances makes quality of care heterogeneous.
EMS services have remained unaccountable, and
this has led to failure to introduce corrective measures for
improving EMS in India.