Detailed assessments of the effects of biomass production on ecosystems were carried out in the eastern
region of Japan using geographical statistics and statistical methods. Ecosystems that might be used as a
source of energy-related biomass already provide a variety of goods and services for humans widely
known as ecosystem services. Various indices were mapped to describe the potential supply of biomass
energy and the proxy variables for ecosystem services provided in the region. These indices were
analyzed using a multivariate statistical technique to identify specific key factors for the use of biomass
and ecosystem services. Finally, using zoning software, priority areas of potential supply of biomass
energy and ecosystem services were indicated and the conflict between them analyzed. Biomass energy
was clearly distinguished into three axes, suggesting that biomass is strongly related to the location and
ecosystem, while the distribution of the types of ecosystem services in the studied areas was not
separated clearly. The relative priority ranks of bioenergy and ecosystem services were complementarily
distributed; however, parts of the studied area had high-ranking areas. The results suggested that a more
detailed zoning information is needed for promoting energy-related biomass production considering the
high supply of ecosystem services.