Architecture is not only an art, but a design. Humans express themselves through architectural
design, which includes characteristic forms of creation beyond the need for physical survival. The
architectural design is always guided by functional, psychological, and artistic elements.10 The
artistic element involves imagination, beauty, skill, and style. It is, therefore, one of the criteria to
evaluate the cultural significance of architecture.11 In the contemporary world, the artistic element
has always been employed for marking cultural boundaries, particularly with regard to the
construction of ethnic identities of indigenous peoples.12