Despite the success of เส้นทางแห่งทาส, in the 1950s and 60s ฮาเยก found himself in the political wilderness. Governments across the Western world were enthusiastically embracing the ideas of ฮาเยก's nemesis from the dark days of the 1930s – จอห์น Maynard Keynes. It became the new capitalist orthodoxy that governments could successfully manage their economies. The tide of history had turned against ฮาเยก.