in broad terms, however, cast iron has a fairly low ultimate tensile stress, of the order of 150-225N/mm2, although this may be increased by the addition of suitable elements and by heat treatment. the compression strength is between 3 and 4 times the tensile strength, being about 770 N/mm2, while the shear strength is of about the same order as the tensile strength (15-225 N/mm2). As cast, there is usually a hard 'skin' on the surface of cast iron. Under this skin the material is more readily machinable, but is usually rather brittle. It may break under uneven heating conditions because of distortion produced by internal stresses which exceed the ultimate at the temperature concerned.
Under reasonable operating conditions, cast iron offers excellent resistance to corrosion compared with many other ferrous metals. It is an electrical conductor, having a resistivity of about 15*10-8 and normally also has good magnetic properties.
Cast iron is used, as the name implies, in 'castings', for which the molten metal is poured into suitable moulds and allowed to solidify. This method makes it possible for intricate shapes to be formed with out the expense and waste of material that would be involved in machining them from a solid block of material. Limitations in the shape and use of such castings are imposed by the relatively low tensile and shear strength of the material. These could lead to cracks in the cast iron as it cools down in the mould, or to the breaking-off of thin projections when it is in use.
in broad terms, however, cast iron has a fairly low ultimate tensile stress, of the order of 150-225N/mm2, although this may be increased by the addition of suitable elements and by heat treatment. the compression strength is between 3 and 4 times the tensile strength, being about 770 N/mm2, while the shear strength is of about the same order as the tensile strength (15-225 N/mm2). As cast, there is usually a hard 'skin' on the surface of cast iron. Under this skin the material is more readily machinable, but is usually rather brittle. It may break under uneven heating conditions because of distortion produced by internal stresses which exceed the ultimate at the temperature concerned.Under reasonable operating conditions, cast iron offers excellent resistance to corrosion compared with many other ferrous metals. It is an electrical conductor, having a resistivity of about 15*10-8 and normally also has good magnetic properties.Cast iron is used, as the name implies, in 'castings', for which the molten metal is poured into suitable moulds and allowed to solidify. This method makes it possible for intricate shapes to be formed with out the expense and waste of material that would be involved in machining them from a solid block of material. Limitations in the shape and use of such castings are imposed by the relatively low tensile and shear strength of the material. These could lead to cracks in the cast iron as it cools down in the mould, or to the breaking-off of thin projections when it is in use.
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