Chang Chien et al. (2008) have shown that high concentrations of chloride, sulfate and particularly dissolved organic carbon (as fulvic acid anions) affect the transformation of Cd2 + in soil and soil solutions. There is an increase in cadmium absorption by soil at low fulvic acid anion concentrations as well as the possibility of specific adsorption by ligand exchange with chloride and the precipitation of CdSO4.