AC impedance of solar cells and PV modules can be determined by using pure
sinusoidal signal inputs in an impedance spectroscopy method[1–5]or square wave
signals[6,7]. All published works to date are only on experimental investigations of
small area cells, not modules or arrays. AC impedance loci of the reported cells,
when plotted in the complex plane, trace semicircles.
We report here a derivation of a closed form dynamic impedance ofa PV module
under a general operating voltage and frequency. Inaddition, the first determination