Basidiomycetes constitute the most conspicuous group of
fungi in the environment and comprise very different ecological
groups such as white rot, brown rot, and leaf litter fungi. Some
of them are edible and/or medicinal fungi; some have important
biotechnological and environmental applications (31).
White-rot fungi, belonging to the basidiomycetes, are the
only organisms capable of mineralizing lignin efficiently. Lignin,
which is one of the most widely distributed natural organic
polymers, is very slowly decomposed in the environment due to
its complex chemical structure. Lignin biodegradation performed
by these fungi is a multistep process mediated by enzymes of the
lignolytic complex. The rate of lignin decomposition depends on
the concentration of molecular oxygen. Both the nature and
direction of this process can be different in different fungi (27).
The most efficient lignin degraders were estimated by
14CO2
evolution from
14
C-[Ring]-labelled synthetic lignin (DHP) (13,35).
In order to depolymerize and mineralize lignin, they have developed
Basidiomycetes constitute the most conspicuous group of
fungi in the environment and comprise very different ecological
groups such as white rot, brown rot, and leaf litter fungi. Some
of them are edible and/or medicinal fungi; some have important
biotechnological and environmental applications (31).
White-rot fungi, belonging to the basidiomycetes, are the
only organisms capable of mineralizing lignin efficiently. Lignin,
which is one of the most widely distributed natural organic
polymers, is very slowly decomposed in the environment due to
its complex chemical structure. Lignin biodegradation performed
by these fungi is a multistep process mediated by enzymes of the
lignolytic complex. The rate of lignin decomposition depends on
the concentration of molecular oxygen. Both the nature and
direction of this process can be different in different fungi (27).
The most efficient lignin degraders were estimated by
14CO2
evolution from
14
C-[Ring]-labelled synthetic lignin (DHP) (13,35).
In order to depolymerize and mineralize lignin, they have developed
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