The results of the present and previous studies suggest
that the ceiling effect of muscle strength on balance
performance seems to be even more pronounced.
Although the association between lower-limb muscle
strength and balance in older people has been shown in
cross-sectional studies (40-42), it appears to be weaker in
older individuals without limitations (40) compared to older
individuals with limitations (11). Previous studies have
failed to show any resistance training-induced improvement
in balance performance in older subjects without limitation
(43,44), while older adults identified at the highest risk for
fall were shown to benefit from exercise programs including
resistance training (11). In this context, it has been proposed
that the beneficial effects of resistance training on balance
performance likely occur in the older population with
greater limitations (11). Thus, the present resistance training-
induced improvement in balance performance observed
in the OKG, but not in the OG and YG, supports this
hypothesis.