Although many protocols have been developed for semen cryopreservation, sperm cryosurvival rate is still not optimum in
most of the species. Factors responsible for low cryosurvival rate are; changes in temperature, ice formation, lipid peroxidation,
alterations in sperm membrane, toxicity of cryoprotectants and osmotic stress. Moreover, cell dehydration during freezing process
is one of the factors altering the structural and functional integrity of the plasma membrane. Sugars have several functions in
sperm extender, including providing energy substrate for the sperm cell during incubation, maintaining the osmotic pressure of
the diluents, and acting as a cryoprotectant. Trehalose, (α-D-glucopyranosyl-α-D-glucopyranoside) a non-permeable sugar, has a
significant role to prevent deleterious effect of cell dehydration on plasma membrane. Recent reports have shown encouraging
data regarding the use of trehalose for the cryopreservation of sperm cells. Therefore, in this review, information is presented
related to the use of trehalose for cryopreserving sperm from different species.