Partnerships can be a vehicle for restructuring public services and streamlining administrative procedures. An ethos of cooperation and trust can replace the adversarial relations endemic in command-and-control regulation. Relationships between partners involve some mutually beneficial sharing of responsibility, knowledge, or risks. Each party is expected to bring something of value to the others to be exchanged. There is an expectation of give-and-take between the partners, negotiating differences that were otherwise litigated. (Grimsey & Lewis 2004: 58–59, also Hall 2001: 219–220, 230.)