particulate (clay, talc, CaCO3) reinforcement in plastics is a common
practice to improve the mechanical properties of plastic in
the composite industry. Virgin and surface treated talc filled biopolymer
composites have also been reported by Huda et al. [1]
and Whaling et al. [2]. Talc is a 2:1 layer phyllosilicate mineral
with Mg3(Si4O10)–(OH)2 as the unit structure. Talc alone or in
combination with other particulate filler has been used as reinforcement
in certain thermoplastics like polypropylene, nylon to
improve upon their stiffness, tensile strength, creep resistance
and deformation temperature. In addition to these it also reduces
shrinkage and enhances scratch hardness and surface quality of
the final product [3–9]. The low cost and ease of use in processing
makes it a profitable material to the processing industry. The major
drawback of talc is that it limits the ductility and eventually
reduces the toughness of the thermoplastic. The high density
(2.5–2.7 gm/cm3) increases the weight to volume ratio of its
composite, when used in a significant amount as a second constituent.
In composites, surface wettability is a crucial parameter
responsible for the interaction between talc particles and the
polymer matrix. Kaggwa et al. reports the water contact angle
of talc as 90, and other researchers also report within the range
of 60–90, therefore characterizing it as a hydrophobic material
particulate (clay, talc, CaCO3) reinforcement in plastics is a common
practice to improve the mechanical properties of plastic in
the composite industry. Virgin and surface treated talc filled biopolymer
composites have also been reported by Huda et al. [1]
and Whaling et al. [2]. Talc is a 2:1 layer phyllosilicate mineral
with Mg3(Si4O10)–(OH)2 as the unit structure. Talc alone or in
combination with other particulate filler has been used as reinforcement
in certain thermoplastics like polypropylene, nylon to
improve upon their stiffness, tensile strength, creep resistance
and deformation temperature. In addition to these it also reduces
shrinkage and enhances scratch hardness and surface quality of
the final product [3–9]. The low cost and ease of use in processing
makes it a profitable material to the processing industry. The major
drawback of talc is that it limits the ductility and eventually
reduces the toughness of the thermoplastic. The high density
(2.5–2.7 gm/cm3) increases the weight to volume ratio of its
composite, when used in a significant amount as a second constituent.
In composites, surface wettability is a crucial parameter
responsible for the interaction between talc particles and the
polymer matrix. Kaggwa et al. reports the water contact angle
of talc as 90, and other researchers also report within the range
of 60–90, therefore characterizing it as a hydrophobic material
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