The results from the present study showed that a number of mycorrhizal fungi were associated with a single orchid host, for example Ceratorhiza ramicola, Epulorhiza repens and Rhizoctonia sp. 2 associated with Paphiopedilum exul; Epulorhiza calendulinaandEpulorhiza repens associated with Paphiopedilum concolor; and Waitea circinata, Trichosporiella multisporum and Rhizoctonia sp. 1 associated with Paphiopedilum niveum. In contrast with a specific mycorrhizal fungi, Sistotrema sp. merely associated with a single orchid host, Paphiopedilum godefroyae (Table 1).