TRANSMISSION — Measles is highly contagious; the attack rate in a susceptible individual exposed to measles is 90 percent [18,19]. Transmission occurs via person-to-person contact as well as airborne spread. Infectious droplets from the respiratory secretions of a patient with measles can remain airborne for up to two hours [19,20]. Therefore, the illness may be transmitted in public spaces, even in the absence of person-to-person contact. Measles transmission between airplane passengers in airports and during flight has been described [21-23], and large outbreaks can occur in areas of crowding such as schools and densely populated communities.
The incubation period for measles is 6 to 19 days (median 13 days) [24]. Subclinical illness is unusual. The period of contagiousness is estimated to be from five days before the appearance of rash to four days afterward. The period of maximum contagiousness is thought to be during the late prodrome phase, when the patient is febrile and has respiratory symptoms. Patients with measles-associated subacute sclerosing panencephalitis are not contagious [25]. (See "Clinical manifestations and diagnosis of measles".)
In temperate areas, the peak incidence of measles occurs in the late winter and early spring. However, cases occur throughout the year and, in some regions, no seasonal incidence is apparent.
TRANSMISSION — Measles is highly contagious; the attack rate in a susceptible individual exposed to measles is 90 percent [18,19]. Transmission occurs via person-to-person contact as well as airborne spread. Infectious droplets from the respiratory secretions of a patient with measles can remain airborne for up to two hours [19,20]. Therefore, the illness may be transmitted in public spaces, even in the absence of person-to-person contact. Measles transmission between airplane passengers in airports and during flight has been described [21-23], and large outbreaks can occur in areas of crowding such as schools and densely populated communities.The incubation period for measles is 6 to 19 days (median 13 days) [24]. Subclinical illness is unusual. The period of contagiousness is estimated to be from five days before the appearance of rash to four days afterward. The period of maximum contagiousness is thought to be during the late prodrome phase, when the patient is febrile and has respiratory symptoms. Patients with measles-associated subacute sclerosing panencephalitis are not contagious [25]. (See "Clinical manifestations and diagnosis of measles".)In temperate areas, the peak incidence of measles occurs in the late winter and early spring. However, cases occur throughout the year and, in some regions, no seasonal incidence is apparent.
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