Differences in reading from electronic and print journals – ORNL
Not surprisingly, scientists and engineers at the ORNL rely much more on electronic sources to locate and read articles now than they did in 1984. Nevertheless, print sources are used more than electronic in most cases. ORNL respondents find articles to read both by searching indexes or citations (25%), browsing (45%) and other means. In 1984 about 13% of readings were identified in
printed indexes, but use of printed indexes dropped to zero in the 2000 survey, so all of the index searching in 2000 is in online indexes. Readings identified by citations in other publications dropped from 24% in 1984 to about 12% in 2000. According to our 2000 survey of ORNL scientists, 20% of the scientists found their articles by browsing personal subscriptions. 20% also found articles through browsing electronic and digital copies of journals. Only 4% of the scientists found articles by browsing the print collections at libraries, while a mere 1% found articles by browsing their department collections. The amount of reading of articles over one year old remained similar for the two time periods; however, in 2000 there appeared to be substantially more new articles read (i.e. 80.2 readings per person in 2000 vs. 59.4 in 1984). Nearly all the shift to recently published articles was attributable to reading of electronic or digital articles. Of all articles read from electronic or digital media, 85% were published in the year 2000 (8 months into the year), while only 56% of articles read from print subscriptions or copies were published in 2000. The oldest article read in the 2000 survey was 25 years old (see Table 2).The fact that the electronic/digital reading tended to be of more recent articles means that fewer of the articles had been read prior to the most recent reading (4% in2000 vs. 22% in 1984). In reading from both digital and print journals, a high proportion of the readings involved information that was known by the scientist prior to the first reading of the article (44% electronic reading vs. 58% print). In both instances such articles were often found from citations in other publications or after mention of the article by another person. The time spent browsing or searching for each article and determining where the article was located approximately doubled from1984 to 2000. In 2000, the reported time spent browsing electronic/digital articles was estimated to be 13.3 min per reading, but the time spent browsing print copies was half of that time (6.5 min). The time spent obtaining or accessing the article was about the same in the two surveys (7 and 6 min, respectively). When time involving other activities such as locating, displaying, and
ความแตกต่างในการอ่านจากอิเล็กทรอนิกส์ และพิมพ์สมุดรายวัน – ORNL ไม่น่าแปลกใจ นักวิทยาศาสตร์และวิศวกรที่ ORNL พึ่งมากแหล่งข้อมูลอิเล็กทรอนิกส์เพื่อค้นหา และอ่านบทความตอนนี้กว่าจะได้ในปี 1984 อย่างไรก็ตาม แหล่งพิมพ์ถูกใช้มากกว่าอิเล็กทรอนิกส์ในกรณีส่วนใหญ่ ผู้ตอบ ORNL ค้นหาบทความอ่าน ทั้งค้นดัชนีหรืออ้าง (25%), เรียกดู (45%) และวิธีอื่น ๆ ในปี 1984 ประมาณ 13% ของอ่านระบุในprinted indexes, but use of printed indexes dropped to zero in the 2000 survey, so all of the index searching in 2000 is in online indexes. Readings identified by citations in other publications dropped from 24% in 1984 to about 12% in 2000. According to our 2000 survey of ORNL scientists, 20% of the scientists found their articles by browsing personal subscriptions. 20% also found articles through browsing electronic and digital copies of journals. Only 4% of the scientists found articles by browsing the print collections at libraries, while a mere 1% found articles by browsing their department collections. The amount of reading of articles over one year old remained similar for the two time periods; however, in 2000 there appeared to be substantially more new articles read (i.e. 80.2 readings per person in 2000 vs. 59.4 in 1984). Nearly all the shift to recently published articles was attributable to reading of electronic or digital articles. Of all articles read from electronic or digital media, 85% were published in the year 2000 (8 months into the year), while only 56% of articles read from print subscriptions or copies were published in 2000. The oldest article read in the 2000 survey was 25 years old (see Table 2).The fact that the electronic/digital reading tended to be of more recent articles means that fewer of the articles had been read prior to the most recent reading (4% in2000 vs. 22% in 1984). In reading from both digital and print journals, a high proportion of the readings involved information that was known by the scientist prior to the first reading of the article (44% electronic reading vs. 58% print). In both instances such articles were often found from citations in other publications or after mention of the article by another person. The time spent browsing or searching for each article and determining where the article was located approximately doubled from1984 to 2000. In 2000, the reported time spent browsing electronic/digital articles was estimated to be 13.3 min per reading, but the time spent browsing print copies was half of that time (6.5 min). The time spent obtaining or accessing the article was about the same in the two surveys (7 and 6 min, respectively). When time involving other activities such as locating, displaying, and
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