Table 2 shows the distribution of the PSQI sleep
component scores across gender of students. Worth
noting is that 36.4% of the samples was reported
having sleep time ≤ 6 hrs. per day; whereas 24.6%
of the samples was reported having sleep latency
>30 mins.; whiles 17.2% of the samples reported
having day time dysfunction due to sleepiness at
least once a week; 9.1% reported having poor sleep
efficiency; 23.7% reported having subjective poor
sleep quality; 22.6% reported having poor sleep
disturbance; 8.2% reported using sleep medicine.
Differences in sleep duration, sleep latency, day
time dysfunction, use of sleep medication, were not
significant; however, there were significant status
differences in sleep efficiency, subjective sleep
quality, and sleep disturbance. Given the
comparison of poor sleep quality and its components
between male and female students, it was found that
the prevalence of poor sleep quality was 32.0%: the
prevalence of poor sleep quality of female students
was higher than that of their male counterparts
(34.5% vs. 29.0%). Notably, when looking into a
component of sleep efficiency, female students
reported having higher poor sleep efficiency than
male students (10.9% vs. 6.8%). In terms of
subjective sleep quality, female students reported
having slightly poorer than male students (25.2%
vs.22.0%). Lastly, regarding sleep disturbance,
female students reported having higher sleep
disturbance than male students (27.0% vs.17.2%).
As per Table 3, the odds ratio for poor sleep
quality across characteristics achieved by using
stepwise logistic regression after adjusting for