The paper describes the effect of a diet supplemented with the Chinese traditional herbal medicine
Sophora flavescens on the immunity and disease resistance of an Oreochromis niloticus GIFT strain.
Experimental diets containing 0.025%, 0.050%, 0.100%, 0.200%, and 0.400% S. flavescens, as well as
a control group without S. flavescens were used. We tested the non-specific humoral immune responses
(lysozyme, antiprotease, and complement) and cellular immune responses (reactive oxygen species and
nitrogen species production and myeloperoxidase), as well as disease resistance against Streptococcus
agalactiae. S. flavescens supplementation at all dose significantly enhanced serum lysozyme, antiprotease,
and natural hemolytic complement activity. Similarly, all S. flavescens doses enhanced cellular
myeloperoxidase activity. The increased production of reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen
intermediates by peripheral blood leucocytes was observed in most of the treatment groups throughout
the test period. The fish fed 0.100% S. flavescens had a percent mortality of 21.1% and a relative percent
survival of 73.3% compared with the group fed the basal diet during the S. agalactiae challenge. The
results suggest that S. flavescens can be recommended as a tilapia feed supplement to enhance fish
immunity and disease resistance against S. agalactiae.
The paper describes the effect of a diet supplemented with the Chinese traditional herbal medicine
Sophora flavescens on the immunity and disease resistance of an Oreochromis niloticus GIFT strain.
Experimental diets containing 0.025%, 0.050%, 0.100%, 0.200%, and 0.400% S. flavescens, as well as
a control group without S. flavescens were used. We tested the non-specific humoral immune responses
(lysozyme, antiprotease, and complement) and cellular immune responses (reactive oxygen species and
nitrogen species production and myeloperoxidase), as well as disease resistance against Streptococcus
agalactiae. S. flavescens supplementation at all dose significantly enhanced serum lysozyme, antiprotease,
and natural hemolytic complement activity. Similarly, all S. flavescens doses enhanced cellular
myeloperoxidase activity. The increased production of reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen
intermediates by peripheral blood leucocytes was observed in most of the treatment groups throughout
the test period. The fish fed 0.100% S. flavescens had a percent mortality of 21.1% and a relative percent
survival of 73.3% compared with the group fed the basal diet during the S. agalactiae challenge. The
results suggest that S. flavescens can be recommended as a tilapia feed supplement to enhance fish
immunity and disease resistance against S. agalactiae.
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