Channel Tunnel (UK: Channel Tunnel; France: Le tunnel sous la Manche) is a railway tunnel under the sea to create a link between the city of Norfolk's Stone, Kent, Great Britain, the District Court of Galveston's city of Calais in northern France. This creates a tunnel beneath the English Channel at the Strait of Dover. This is the narrowest part With a width of 34 kilometers
Channel Tunnel with a length of 50.5 kilometers and 37.9 kilometers long section under the sea, underwater minimum 75 meters and maximum depth of 230 meters [1] [2].
Channel Tunnel and managed by Euro tunnel, which handles high-speed Eurostar train. Since construction started in 1988 to enable the tunnel on May 6, 1994. Open to the bus on November 14, 1994. The construction cost of £ 4,650 million over the projected 80. % [3]
The concept for the construction of the Channel Tunnel. Has been offering since the 19th century, with the proposal to Emperor Napoleon 3rd in 1856 with a budget of 170 million francs (7 million pounds), [4] and William Grant. UK Prime Minister Winston reduction in 1865 [4], but the project was canceled due to the political, security and defense.
This project was considered again in 1955 by cutting out the issue of defense. Because at that time the country can be invaded by air attacks. But the project was delayed due to political problems in the United Kingdom until 1981, Mrs. Margaret Thatcher and Mr. François Mitterrand Grand Terre deputy leaders of the two countries has achieved. The agreement on the construction of this tunnel.