ISO 15184 : 1998
Marking by pencil leads covers a range of defects in the surface of the paint film.
These defects are defined as follows:
a) Plastic deformation: a permanent indentation in the paint surface without cohesive fracture.
b) Cohesive fracture: the presence of a visible scratch or rupture in the surface of the paint film, material having
been removed from the paint film.
c) Combinations of the above.
These defects can occur simultaneously.
4 Principle
The product or system under test is applied at uniform thickness to flat panels of uniform surface texture.
After drying/curing, the pencil hardness is determined by pushing pencils of increasing hardness over the paint film,
with the panel in a horizontal position.
During the test, the pencil is mounted so that it presses down on the paint surface at an angle of 45° with a load of
750 g.
The hardness of the pencils is increased in steps until the coating is marked by defects of the kind defined in 3.1.
5 Required supplementary information
For any particular application, the test method specified in this International Standard needs to be completed by
supplementary information.
The items of supplementary information are given in annex A.
6 Apparatus
6.1 Test instrument: The test is best performed using a mechanical device. An example of a suitable device is
shown in figure 1 (see also note).
NOTE — Although the test is preferably performed using a mechanical device, it can also be performed by hand. Other types
of test instrument may also be used, provided they give similar relative rating results.
The device shown consists of a metal block fitted with two wheels, one on each side. In the middle of the metal
block, there is a cylindrical hole inclined at an angle of (45 ± 1)°.
With the help of a clamp, pencils can be fixed in the instrument so that they are always in the same position.
Mounted on the top of the instrument is a level which is used to ensure that the test is carried out with the
instrument horizontal.
The instrument shall be designed so that, with the instrument in the horizontal position, the tip of the pencil exerts a
load of (750 ± 10) g on the paint surface.
ISO 15184 : 1998
Marking by pencil leads covers a range of defects in the surface of the paint film.
These defects are defined as follows:
a) Plastic deformation: a permanent indentation in the paint surface without cohesive fracture.
b) Cohesive fracture: the presence of a visible scratch or rupture in the surface of the paint film, material having
been removed from the paint film.
c) Combinations of the above.
These defects can occur simultaneously.
4 Principle
The product or system under test is applied at uniform thickness to flat panels of uniform surface texture.
After drying/curing, the pencil hardness is determined by pushing pencils of increasing hardness over the paint film,
with the panel in a horizontal position.
During the test, the pencil is mounted so that it presses down on the paint surface at an angle of 45° with a load of
750 g.
The hardness of the pencils is increased in steps until the coating is marked by defects of the kind defined in 3.1.
5 Required supplementary information
For any particular application, the test method specified in this International Standard needs to be completed by
supplementary information.
The items of supplementary information are given in annex A.
6 Apparatus
6.1 Test instrument: The test is best performed using a mechanical device. An example of a suitable device is
shown in figure 1 (see also note).
NOTE — Although the test is preferably performed using a mechanical device, it can also be performed by hand. Other types
of test instrument may also be used, provided they give similar relative rating results.
The device shown consists of a metal block fitted with two wheels, one on each side. In the middle of the metal
block, there is a cylindrical hole inclined at an angle of (45 ± 1)°.
With the help of a clamp, pencils can be fixed in the instrument so that they are always in the same position.
Mounted on the top of the instrument is a level which is used to ensure that the test is carried out with the
instrument horizontal.
The instrument shall be designed so that, with the instrument in the horizontal position, the tip of the pencil exerts a
load of (750 ± 10) g on the paint surface.
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