and its is now used in an increasingly diverse range of fields, including aquatic animal health management. In aquatic animal health, it is widely applied to evaluate risks associated with international trade imports. Risk analyses are used in reaching decisions on appropriate disease lists for federal control programmes, health certification, and disease control measures/conditions applied to imports into a particular country in order to reduce the risk of such diseases impacting on vulnerable resources within the country to the country’s acceptable level of risk (i.e. to below the appropriate level of protection).