In most bargaining situations, there is usually a preliminary discussion, called negotiation. The word negotiation is derived from Latin and in civil law means “trading on deliberations leading to an agreement.”
The modeling approach to bargaining is to determine what contract, that is, agree joint strategy, might or should be reached. The bargaining model offers an agreement (solution) (Rubin & Brown, 1975).
However, have felt the similarities of definition are so strong that the terms bargaining and negotiation can be used interchangeably, even though occasional distinction is made between the terms.