Buddhism seems to lack a precise theory and praxis to address the concrete issues of contemporary sociopolitical suffering and its liberation. Traditional Buddhism provides guidelines for personal moral conduct such as self-restraint, patience, zeal, compassion, generosity, and mindfulness, but these moral concepts need to be reinterpreted in a modern context and integrated into a social ethical theory. Buddhadasa’s theory of dhammic socialism tends to be too utopian and abstract. Although his theory addresses the issue of “surplus” in a manner similar to Karl Marx’s “surplus value,” it still needs interpretation and clarification as a social praxis. A comprehensive perspective on sociopolitical suffering and liberation from the existing exploitative system of global capitalism will manifest itself via a consciousness-raising process in regards to sociopolitical suffering and its structure and the emergence of Buddhist-based communities struggling for social justice in solidarity with women, the poor, and the oppressed. These are steps, in the Thai experience, toward a Buddhist liberation theology.